1: At War With The Homeland * Fighting at Lexington and Concord between British and 13 colonies * Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775 * Most important colonial leaders make an appearance * Pennsylvania sent Benjamin Franklin * Massachusetts sent John Hancock, Samuel Adams, and John Adams *Virginia sent George Washington and Patrick Henry
I: The Second Continental Congress * Patriots send King George the Third a letter called "The Olive Branch Petition" * Second Continental Congress forms colonial army * George Washington chosen to lead Continental Army * Congress voted to print its own paper money
The Battle of Bunker Hill, 1775
II: The Continental Army * Battle of Bunker Hill fought June 17, 1775 * 14,500 enrolled; no uniforms * Many soliders carried no guns; instead they went to war with spears and axes. * Soliders taught to fight the way the American Indians did * Army had little money and no trained soliders * Washington made rules and trained the soliders
III: The British Advantage * British has the best training, most experienced officers, newest weapons * British had troble transporting supplies * If continentals did not get pay come harvest time soldiers would go back to their farms
Lesson 1 Vocab
olive branch
a symbol of peace
Continental
a solider fighting for the colonies
mercenary
a hired soldier
enlist
to join
2: The Decision for Independence * By 1776, the colonists prepared for a longer war
I. The First Steps * January 1776, Thomas Paine published a pamphlet call Common Sense * Paine attacked King George and questioned the idea of 1 person having authority * June 1776, Richard Henry Lee said the colonies no longer owed allegiance to the king * Not all colonies were ready for independence * Declaration of Independence thought of in 1776 * Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Robert Livingston, Rodger Sherman and Thomas Jefferson all contributed to the Declaration * Thomas Jefferson was a leader of the Virginian Patriots * Jefferson wrote about problems with British Rule
II. Writing the Declaration
* Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence, wanting his words to help the colonists win their war * Jefferson planned the Declaration in several parts * In the introduction, Jefferson stated why the Declaration was needed * In the second part of the Declaration, Jefferson listed the colonists main ideas about government * In the third and longest part of the Declaration, Jefferson listed the colonists' grievances * In the final part of the Declaration, Jefferson described why the 13 colonies were no longer part of Britain * On June 28, 1776, the Declaration was read aloud to Congress * On the morning of July 2, 1776, Richard Henry Lee's idea of cutting ties with Britain was approved without a single "no" * On July 4, 1776, the colonists made and approved a few small changes and the 13 colonies declared independence
3: Americans Take Sides
* After the Declaration was signed, people had to decide if they would support the Rebels (against Britain) or the British king * A third of the colonists were loyalists (supporters of the king), a third were Patriots (rebels) and the last third chose to be neutral * Friends and family were torn apart, turning the Revolution into a civil war as much as it was against the British
I. Curches and the War * Many things affected people's views, including religion * The Quakers, a religious group, were pacifists * Quakers published pamphlets calling for an end to the war * Loyalists and Patriots alike saw pacifists as their enemies
II. Women and War * Many women took part in the movement to obtain freedom * When Patriots began to boycott British goods, women banded together to make goods * Some women formed groups to raise money and get clothing for Colonial soliders * People from Lancaster, Pennsylvania formed a group called the Unmarried Ladies of Aerica, refusing to marry anyone that wasn't a Patriot * Women took part in the fighting as well * One women, an African American named Phillis Wheatly, used her mind to spread the idea of independence * Mercy Otis Warren, wrote a play making fun of the British * Not all women were Patriots; in every colony there were Loyalist women
III. Native Americans and the War * Most Indians refused to meddle in the war * Native Americans had begun to grow angry with the British and the Patriots * Settlers from both sides had begun to settle in Indian lands
Nick-blue
Riley-green
Chapter 8
The War for Independence
1: At War With The Homeland* Fighting at Lexington and Concord between British and 13 colonies
* Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775
* Most important colonial leaders make an appearance
* Pennsylvania sent Benjamin Franklin
* Massachusetts sent John Hancock, Samuel Adams, and John Adams
*Virginia sent George Washington and Patrick Henry
I: The Second Continental Congress
* Patriots send King George the Third a letter called "The Olive Branch Petition"
* Second Continental Congress forms colonial army
* George Washington chosen to lead Continental Army
* Congress voted to print its own paper money
* Battle of Bunker Hill fought June 17, 1775
* 14,500 enrolled; no uniforms
* Many soliders carried no guns; instead they went to war with spears and axes.
* Soliders taught to fight the way the American Indians did
* Army had little money and no trained soliders
* Washington made rules and trained the soliders
III: The British Advantage
* British has the best training, most experienced officers, newest weapons
* British had troble transporting supplies
* If continentals did not get pay come harvest time soldiers would go back to their farms
Lesson 1 Vocab
2: The Decision for Independence
* By 1776, the colonists prepared for a longer war
I. The First Steps
* January 1776, Thomas Paine published a pamphlet call Common Sense
* Paine attacked King George and questioned the idea of 1 person having authority
* June 1776, Richard Henry Lee said the colonies no longer owed allegiance to the king
* Not all colonies were ready for independence
* Declaration of Independence thought of in 1776
* Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Robert Livingston, Rodger Sherman and Thomas Jefferson all contributed to the Declaration
* Thomas Jefferson was a leader of the Virginian Patriots
* Jefferson wrote about problems with British Rule
II. Writing the Declaration
* Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence, wanting his words to help the colonists win their war
* Jefferson planned the Declaration in several parts
* In the introduction, Jefferson stated why the Declaration was needed
* In the second part of the Declaration, Jefferson listed the colonists main ideas about government
* In the third and longest part of the Declaration, Jefferson listed the colonists' grievances
* In the final part of the Declaration, Jefferson described why the 13 colonies were no longer part of Britain
* On June 28, 1776, the Declaration was read aloud to Congress
* On the morning of July 2, 1776, Richard Henry Lee's idea of cutting ties with Britain was approved without a single "no"
* On July 4, 1776, the colonists made and approved a few small changes and the 13 colonies declared independence
3: Americans Take Sides
* After the Declaration was signed, people had to decide if they would support the Rebels (against Britain) or the British king
* A third of the colonists were loyalists (supporters of the king), a third were Patriots (rebels) and the last third chose to be neutral
* Friends and family were torn apart, turning the Revolution into a civil war as much as it was against the British
I. Curches and the War
* Many things affected people's views, including religion
* The Quakers, a religious group, were pacifists
* Quakers published pamphlets calling for an end to the war
* Loyalists and Patriots alike saw pacifists as their enemies
II. Women and War
* Many women took part in the movement to obtain freedom
* When Patriots began to boycott British goods, women banded together to make goods
* Some women formed groups to raise money and get clothing for Colonial soliders
* People from Lancaster, Pennsylvania formed a group called the Unmarried Ladies of Aerica, refusing to marry anyone that wasn't a Patriot
* Women took part in the fighting as well
* One women, an African American named Phillis Wheatly, used her mind to spread the idea of independence
* Mercy Otis Warren, wrote a play making fun of the British
* Not all women were Patriots; in every colony there were Loyalist women
III. Native Americans and the War
* Most Indians refused to meddle in the war
* Native Americans had begun to grow angry with the British and the Patriots
* Settlers from both sides had begun to settle in Indian lands